新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情流行期间老年患者的焦虑抑郁状态及其影响因素

Anxiety and depression in elderly patients during epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 and its influencing factors

目的调查新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情流行期间老年患者心理状况,并分析其影响因素。方法选择四川省绵阳市中医医院建立的老年病患者信息管理群中的86例患者为研究对象,采用电话、微信、QQ等方法对患者进行基本资料调查,并采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对患者的焦虑及抑郁状态评估。采用SPSS 18.0软件对数据进行统计分析。多重线性回归法分析疫情期间影响老年病患者产生抑郁与焦虑的相关因素。结果COVID-19疫情流行期间86例老年病患者焦虑评分为31.25~82.21(54.88±11.84)分,其中轻度焦虑20例(23.53%),中度焦虑53例(62.35%),重度焦虑12例(14.12%)。86例老年患者抑郁评分为26.25~86.42(52.20±13.36)分,其中轻度抑郁44例(64.71%),中度抑郁18例(26.47%),重度抑郁6例(8.82%)。多重线性回归分析显示,对疫情担忧、COVID-19疫情对生活的严重影响、慢性病遵医嘱用药情况差对老年患者焦虑影响较大(P<0.05);居住地、身边有人感染COVID-19则对老年患者抑郁影响较大(P<0.05)。结论COVID-19疫情流行期间老年病患者明显存在焦虑抑郁心理情绪,可针对疫情使其产生的担忧、对其生活的影响以及自身慢性病遵医嘱用药情况采取针对性干预措施,以减轻心理精神障碍。

Objective To investigate the psychological status of elderly patients during the epidemic period of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and its influencing factors.Methods Eighty-six elderly patients in the information management group established by our hospital were selected as the research subjects.The basic data of the patients were investigated by telephone,Wechat,QQ and other methods.The anxiety and depression of the patients were assessed by self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS).SPSS statistics 18.0 was used to analyze the data.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the related factors of depression and anxiety in elderly patients during the epidemic.Results During the epidemic period of COVID-19,the anxiety score of 86 patients with geriatric disease was 31.25-82.21(54.88±11.84),20 patients with mild anxiety(23.53%),53 patients with moderate anxiety(62.35%),and 12 patients with severe anxiety(14.12%).The depression score was 26.25-86.42(52.20±13.36),including 44 cases(64.71%)with mild depression,18 cases(26.47%)with moderate depression,and 6 cases(8.82%)with severe depression.Multiple linear regression showed that the anxiety of the elderly patients was influenced by the concern about the epidemic,the great impact of COVID-19 on their lives,and the poor compliance with doctor′s orders for chronic diseases(all P<0.05).The place of residence,someone nearby is infected with COVID-19 are the influencing factors of depression in elderly patients(all P<0.05).Conclusion During the epidemic of COVID-19,the elderly patients obviously have anxiety and depression.Targeted intervention measures can be taken for the worries caused by the epidemic,the impact on their lives,and the compliance of their own chronic diseases with the doctor′s instructions to reduce mental disorders.