新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下医养结合养老机构内工作人员心理健康状况及其影响因素

Mental health of personnels in elderly medical care institutions during the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 and its influencing factors

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情流行期间烟台市医养结合养老机构工作人员心理状况及相关影响因素。方法通过微信发送调查问卷的方式对烟台地区医养结合养老机构工作人员进行心理状况调查,包括一般资料问卷、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)并分析抑郁焦虑的影响因素。采用SPSS 22.0统计软件进行分析。组间比较采用非参数检验。采用logistic逐步回归法分析疫情下影响工作人员焦虑或抑郁的危险因素。结果本次参加调查人员中,有焦虑者共15例(6.4%),其中轻度焦虑10例,中度焦虑4例,重度焦虑1例。有抑郁者共37例(15.8%),其中轻度抑郁23例,中度抑郁13例,重度抑郁1例。医养结合养老机构工作人员中,性别、学历、职称、职业等因素对SAS、SDS评分影响较小,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。年龄、工作年限、婚姻状况、抑郁严重程度对SAS评分有影响,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);年龄、婚姻状况、焦虑严重程度对SDS评分有影响,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,抑郁是发生焦虑的独立影响因素(B=3.435,OR=31.040;P<0.001),焦虑是发生抑郁的独立影响因素(B=3.269,OR=26.272;P<0.001),而性别、年龄、学历、婚姻状况、职称、职业、工作年限等与两者均无相关性(P>0.05)。结论医养结合养老机构工作人员中,抑郁、焦虑情绪存在相互影响,应给予该部分群体早期、适当的心理干预。

Objective To investigate the psychological status and related influencing factors of the staffs working in Yantai medical care institutions for the elderly in the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic.Methods General information questionnaire,self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)were sent to the staffs in elderly medical care institutions of Yantai city through Wechat APP to investigate their psychological status.And the influencing factors of depression and anxiety were analyzed.SPSS statistics 22.0 was used for data analysis.Nonparametric test was employed for comparison between groups.Logistic stepwise regression analysis was applied to analyze the risk factors of anxiety or depression.Results Among the participants,15 cases(6.4%)had anxiety,including 10 cases of mild,4 cases of moderate and 1 case of severe anxiety.There were 37 cases(15.8%)with depression,including 23 of mild,13 of moderate and 1 of severe depression.There was no significant differences in the scores of SAS and SDS among the staffs with different genders,educational levels,professional titles and occupations(P>0.05).While,age,working years,marital status and depression severity had obvious effects on SAS score(P<0.05);so were age,marital status and anxiety severity on SDS score(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that depression was the independent influencing factor of anxiety(B=3.435,OR=31.040;P<0.001),anxiety was the independent influencing factor of depression(B=3.269,OR=26.272;P<0.001),while gender,age,educational level,marital status,professional title,occupation,and working years had no relation with anxiety and depression(P>0.05).Conclusion Among the staffs of the elderly care institutions,anxiety and depression interacted each other.Early and appropriate psychological intervention should be given to them.