清代黄河流域堤防与物种生境——以人与獾、狐等穴堤动物的互动博弈为例

Dyke and Species Habitat of the Yellow River Basin in the Qing Dynasty:Taking Badgers,Vuples and Other Burrowed Animals as Examples

随着清代黄河水利兴修日盛,人类对獾、狐等的认知也发生了较大的转变。基于堤防的特殊性、重要性,獾、狐等穴居物种,逐渐以害堤动物的形象进入官方视野。与此同时,人类在修筑堤防改造自然的过程中,在与这些物种的互动博弈中,也在以堤防为中心的周边区域,构建出一个相对稳定的小型生态系统。清代,以黄河堤防为纽带,人与动物间产生了更为紧密的关联,这种关联既是竞争的,同时也是共生的。

As more water irrigation projects were carried out in the Qing Dynasty,people changed their mind about badgers and vulpes.Due to the importance of water dams,the government gradually regarded those animals as a source of damage to levee.Meanwhile,in the games between human and animals,a relatively stable small ecosystem formed unconsciously around levee.People and animal had therefore developed a closer relationship,which is both competition and coexistence.