艺术还是商品:传统年画研究的视角转换

Art or Commodity:the transformation of perspective on traditional new year picture research

对传统年画的研究往往侧重其艺术属性和精神属性,对商品属性重视不足,这不仅造成认识的偏差,也导致了研究结论的根本性错误。本文认为,年画是为商品生产而创造的艺术,是诞生于社会中上阶层,而后才在民间广泛传播的艺术商品。商品属性对年画艺术特征的形成有着决定性作用,市场竞争是其重要的发展动力,"四大产地""五大产地"之说不符合历史实际情况。

The research on traditional New Year pictures often focuses on artistic and spiritual attributes,rather than commodity attributes,which not only causes the deviation of understanding,but also leads to the fundamental error of the research conclusion.New Year pictures are the kind of art created as commodities for the upper class,and then widely spread in the society.The commodity attribute of New Year pictures plays a decisive role in the formation of its artistic characteristics.Market competition is an important driving force for its development,so the sayings of“four production area”or“five production area”are not in line with historical reality.