双横臂空气悬架主动外倾和前束的应用仿真研究

Simulation Study on Active Camber and Toe of Double Wishbone Air Suspension

设计了一种自适应控制外倾角和前束角的双横臂悬架,通过2个伸缩臂与执行器动态地改变车轮的外倾角和前束角度数,以提供最佳的牵引力和操纵性,同时改善轮胎磨损情况。根据传感器的外倾角和前束角信号触发执行器——伺服电机,伸缩臂由执行器以闭环反馈的方式通过独立的PID控制器驱动。以某城市公交车双横臂空气悬架为例,在UG中对1/2双横臂空气悬架三维模型进行建模,并利用Matlab进行仿真分析。结果表明:采用闭环反馈PID控制外倾角的主动悬架的外倾角变化范围为-0.56°~0.93°,被动悬架为-1.38°~2.16°,约减幅56.9%。采用闭环反馈PID控制前束角的主动悬架的前束角变化范围为-0.98°~0°,被动悬架为-1.94°~0°,约减幅48.5%。通过仿真验证了该设计可提供最佳牵引力和操纵性的可行性和优越性,丰富了主动悬架发展的方向。

In order to improve the steering stability and tire wear of the vehicle,a double wishbone suspension with an adaptive control of camber angle and toe angle is designed.The two telescopic arms and two servo actuator are used to dynamically change the degrees of the camber angle and toe angle to provide optimum traction and maneuverability while improving tire wear.The actuator(servo motor)is triggered based on sensor camber and toe angle signals and the telescopic arm is driven by the actuator in a closed loop feedback via a separate PID controller.Taking a city bus double wishbone air suspension as an example,a three-dimensional model of 1/2 double wishbone air suspension in UG was modeled and simulated by Matlab.The results show that the camber angle changing range of the active suspension with the closed-loop feedback PID control camber angle is-0.56°~0.93°,and the passive suspension is-1.38°~2.16°,the reduction is about 56.9%.The toe angle changing range of the active suspension with closed-loop feedback PID control toe angle is-0.98°~0°,and the passive suspension is-1.94°~0°,the reduction is about 48.5%.The simulation proves that the camber angle and the toe angle are dynamically changed to provide the best traction,maneuverability and superiority,which enriches the development direction of the active suspension.