成都市低龄儿童乳牙患龋及龋易感性调查

Caries and caries susceptibility of deciduous teeth among young children in Chengdu

目的了解成都市1~3岁儿童的乳牙患龋及龋易感性情况。方法采用方便抽样方法对2018年6月至2019年1月在成都市5所社区卫生服务中心接受儿童保健的1~3岁儿童进行调查,调查内容包括问卷调查、口腔检查和龋风险性评估。结果共对成都市5个社区989名1~3岁儿童进行调查,男童571名(占57.74%),女童418名(占42.26%),平均年龄(2.01±0.74)岁,家庭年收入以5~9万元为主,占59.86%,6个月内喂养方式以混合喂养为主,占49.65%。有331例儿童患龋,患龋率为33.47%,龋失补牙数(dmft)为(2.19±0.92)颗,充填率为7.01%(93/1 326)。年龄不同的儿童患龋率、dmft、龋失补牙面数(dmfs值)、龋齿充填率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。家庭收入不同的儿童龋齿充填率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),6个月内喂养方式不同的儿童患龋率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同龋风险儿童的患龋率和dmft差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论成都市1~3岁儿童的患龋情况较为严重,且治疗率低。龋易感性检测可为临床评估低龄儿童患龋风险提供科学依据,对于指导幼儿喂养、规范幼儿口腔卫生行为具有重要作用。

Objective To investigate the caries and caries susceptibility of deciduous teeth among children aged1-3 years in Chengdu.Methods A convenient sampling method was used to survey children aged 1-3 years who received child health care at five community health service centers in Chengdu from June 2018 to January 2019.The survey contents included questionnaires,oral examinations,and caries risk assessment.ResultA total of 989 children aged 1 to 3 years were studied in 5 communities in Chengdu.,There were 571(57.74%)boys and 418(42.26%)girls.The average age was(2.01±0.74)years.The annual household income was mainly 50 000-90 000 Yuan,accounting for 59.86%,and the feeding method within 6 months was mainly mixed feeding,accounting for 49.65%.There were 331 children with caries,the prevalence of caries was 33.47%,and the number of decayed,missing or filled tooth(dmft)was(2.19±0.92).The filling rate was 7.01%(93/1 326).There were statistically significant differences in caries rate,dmft,dmfs value,and caries filling rate among children at different ages(all P<0.01).The difference in dental caries filling rate among children with different household incomes was statistically significant(P<0.01).The difference in caries rates among children with different feeding patterns within 6 months was statistically significant(P<0.01).The differences in caries rate and dmft among children with different caries risks were statistically significant(all P<0.01).Conclusion The dental caries among children aged 1-3 years in Chengdu was very serious and the treatment rate was low.The caries susceptibility test can provide a scientific basis for clinical assessment of caries risk in young children and play an important role in guiding feeding and standardizing their oral hygiene behavior.