多元赋权:农村集体资产股权划分的逻辑与制度功能

The Logic and Function of Equity Division of Rural Collective Asset——a Case Study Based on Chengfan Village,Jingshan City,Hubei Province

农村集体资产的产权结构具有模糊性、混合性的特征,以成员权界定为主轴的股权划分是农村集体资产股份制改革的关键。基于湖北省京山市城畈村的案例研究,发现集体股、基本股、劳龄股和贡献股的设置呈现出“多元赋权”特征,遵循着经济层面的还权赋能、社会层面的实质公平和治理层面的有序稳定的多重逻辑,集体资产成员权被内化为可量化、可折算的经济利益。“多元赋权”改革方案实现了农民个体与村庄的利益联结,重塑了乡村治理权威和秩序,激活了乡村发展内生动力。案例研究表明,农村集体资产股权改革应尊重乡村社会内部多样化的制度设计,充分发挥“米提斯”的渐进式力量,实现产权结构与乡村治理秩序的统一。

The property right structure of rural collective assets has the characteristics of fuzziness and mixture.The ownership division with the main axis of member's ownership is the key to the shareholding reform of rural collective assets.Based on the investigation of the all-round reform of collective asset shares in Chengfan village,Jingshan city,Hubei province,this paper finds that the set of group shares,basic shares,aged shares and contributive shares share the intrinsic characteristics of“multiple empowerment”,which follows the multiple logic of economic empowerment,social equity and orderly and stable governance.The“multiple empowerment”equity division scheme internalizes members'rights into quantifiable and convertible economic benefits and realizes the connection between individual interests and village interests,power structure and organizational mobilization process of rural governance order are reshaped,and the endogenous power of rural development is activated.Therefore,in the process of rural property rights reform,it is necessary to respect the diverse institutional design within rural society,to maximize the progressive power of“Metis”,and to ensure the organic integration of property rights structure and rural governance order.