我国优秀铁人三项运动员成绩特征的研究——以2019江西德兴全国铁人三项冠军赛为例

A study on the performance characteristics of China’s elite triathletes——Taking the 2019 national triathlon championship in Dexing,Jiangxi province as an example

通过铁人三项运动员在2019江西德兴全国铁人三项冠军赛取得的整体比赛成绩,找出我国优秀铁人三项运动成绩成绩特征.通过灰色关联分析法对2019江西德兴全国铁人三项冠军赛我国优秀铁人三项运动员成绩特征进行研究,对各单项成绩与总成绩之间进行分析,分析出游泳、自行车、跑步对总成绩影响与作用,找到运动成绩特征的分布规律和不足,对各单项项目进行最优安排,为提高铁人三项运动成绩和科学化训练提供重要的理论依据.研究表明:男子铁人三项各单项与总成绩的关联度大小排序依次是:自行车、跑步、游泳、换项二和换项一(0.9815>0.9542>0.9468>0.8899>0.8618),各单项之间发展较平衡,在比赛中体力耐力都保持了较高水平;女子铁人三项各单项与总成绩的关联度大小排序依次是:换项一、自行车、游泳、跑步和换项二(0.9112>0.8943>0.8585>0.7464>0.5885);在铁人三项比赛中,各单项成绩与总成绩的关联度表明,重视自行车成绩的提高,对于取得优异成绩有较大的帮助,在这一点上是没有男女运动员之分.

Through the overall results of triathletes in 2019 national triathlon championship in Dexing,Jiangxi province,the characteristics of excellent triathlon performance in China were found out.By using grey correlation analysis,the performance characteristics of our outstanding triathletes in the 2019 national triathlon championship in Dexing,Jiangxi province were studies,each individual achievement and the total achievement were analyzed,the effects of swimming,cyding and running on the total score were analyzed,the distribution law and insufficiency of performance characteristic were found out,and the optimal arrangement for each item was made,it provides important theoretical basis for improving the performance of triathlon and scientific training.The research shows that the correlation degree of each item of men’s triathlon with the total score is in the order of cycling,running,swimming,change item 2 and change item 1(0.9815>0.9542>0.9468>0.8899>0.8618).The development of each item is relatively balanced,and the physical endurance has maintained a high level in the competition.The correlation degree of each item of women’s triathlon with the total score was in order of 0.9112>0.8943>0.8585>0.7464>0.5885.In ironman triathlon,the correlation between individual results and total results shows that the improvement of bicycle performance is of great help to achieve excellent results,and there is no distinction between male and female athletes at this point.