企业多样性与知识生产、经营绩效的关系研究——基于区域创新空间视角的分析

A Research on the Relationships of Enterprise Diversity and Knowledge Creation,Business Performance--An Analysis from Regional Innovation Space Perspective

基于2015—2017年中国科技企业孵化器统计面板数据,利用辛普森多样性指数方法测度区域创新空间内的企业文化多样性、企业产业多样性和企业人力资本多样性,并通过负二项回归、断尾回归等方法进行实证研究,探讨了区域创新空间内的企业多样性对知识生产和经营绩效的影响。研究发现:区域创新空间内的企业多样性和知识生产、经营绩效均存在显著的倒U形相关关系,即随着企业多样性程度的不断提高,企业的知识生产能力和经营绩效水平呈现出先升后降的变化趋势。此外,知识生产能力的提升应主要关注文化多样性,经营绩效水平的提升应主要关注产业相关多样性。本研究丰富和拓展了企业多样性与创新关系研究的维度和结论,有助于理解区域空间内的企业组成、结构和联系,进而提升知识产出和经济绩效。

Over the past thirty years,technology innovation has been the critical strategy of Chinese government,and technology business incubators(TBIs)were expected to play a primary role in the process.After the“mass entrepreneurship and innovation”initiative was proposed in 2014,the number of TBIs in China had soared to 4,069 in 2017.Although there are abundant literatures on the relationship between TBIs and universities and research institutes,few are focusing on the inner structure of TBIs,especially from the diversity perspective.Based on the statistical panel data of Chinese incubators from 2015 to 2017,by using the Simpson Diversity Index,this paper measures the cultural diversity,industrial diversity and educational diversity of founders of enterprises in the regional innovation space.Through negative binomial regression model and truncated regression model,this paper discusses the influence of enterprise diversity in regional innovation space on knowledge creation and business performance.And it is found that:1)there are significant inverted u-shaped relationships among enterprise diversity,knowledge creation and business performance,namely with the constant improvement of enterprise diversity in regional innovation space,knowledge creation and business performance firstly increase and then decrease.2)The improvement of knowledge creation ability should mainly focus on cultural diversity,while the improvement of business performance should mainly focus on industrial diversity.In addition,two pieces of advice are supplied:one is to plan the appropriate internal enterprise structure of TBIs,the second is to make proper innovation strategy.