驻藏大臣温宗尧筹藏试探

On the Minister Wen Zongyao’s Governance Idea of Tibet

驻藏帮办大臣温宗尧在西藏任职只有一年两个月,他在筹藏策略方面与驻藏办事大臣联豫产生较大分歧。温宗尧筹藏最令人注目的行动,是与西藏地方上层统治者谈判,并达成七条协议。此协议不被联豫认可,亦最终被清中央政府否决。宣统二年(1910年)正月,十三世达赖出走拉萨,得知消息的温宗尧建议联豫迅速采取行动进行阻拦,这反映了他筹藏时还有强硬的一面。温宗尧《咨请川督代奏维持西藏大局折》,对当时西藏地方所面临的英、俄两国威胁与侵略的形势,均有相当准确的分析与判断,这与他关注英俄对西藏地方博弈情形及通晓外交有密切关系。

Wen Zongyao,as an assistant minister,served one year and two months in Tibet.He had a big disagreement with the grand minister Lian Yu regarding governance of Tibet.Wen Zongyao’s most remarkable action was to negotiate with the local upper-level rulers of Tibet and reach an agreement consisting of seven items.The agreement was not recognized by Lian Yu and eventually rejected by the Qing government.In the first month of Xuantong’s second year(1910),the Thirteenth Dalai Lama left Lhasa.Wen Zongyao,who learnt the news,suggested Lian Yu should take prompt action to stop the Thirteenth Dalai Lama.This reflected that Wen Zongyao had a tough side in governing Tibet.Wen Zongyao’s“Request the governor of Sichuan to submit the material about maintaining the overall situation of Tibet to the Qing Emperor”revealed the fact that Britain and Russia invaded Tibet at that time.This was due to his close attention to the game between British and Russian in Tibet and excellent diplomatic skills.