红毛国在廓尔喀战争中的影响分析

An Analysis of Hong Mao Guo's Influence in the Gurkha War

廓尔喀战争,亦称清廓战争第二次中尼战争,是巴勒布战争(即第一次中尼战争)的继续,乾隆十全武功中的最后一件,邓锐龄先生称之为“中华民族共同捍卫领土完整的正义的战争”。通过对18世纪以来清廷上下特别是乾隆对英国、英属印度殖民地的认知,以及廓尔喀战争期间当清廷接到在尼泊尔以南存在着红毛国(英属印度)的情报时所采取对策的分析,阐述红毛国(英属印度)因素对廓尔喀战争的影响,以揭示在东南海疆频频对中国发起挑战的殖民者出现在中国西藏的陆地边疆时,传统的朝贡体系是如何应对的。

The Gurkha war,also known as the Qing-Gurkha war or the second Sino-Nepalese war,was the continuation of the Balebu War(the first Sino-Nepalese war),the last of the Ten Great Campaigns,which Mr.Deng Ruiling called:“The war of justice for the Chinese nation to jointly defend territorial integrity.”This article is based on the censorship of the British and British Indian colonies since the 18th century,especially China’s perception of British and British India during the Qianlong period.During the Gurkha war,the Qing court received intelligence from Hong Mao Guo(literally red-haired country,refers to British India).The countermeasures taken to explain the impact of the Hong Mao Guo factor on the second Sino-Nepalese war to reveal how the traditional tributary system responded when the colonial system appeared in the land frontiers of China’s Tibet which frequently challenged China in the southeastern seas.