我国空气质量综合指数时空分布特征及其对旅游效益的影响--基于31个主要旅游城市情况的分析

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics and the Influence of the Air Quality Comprehensive Index in China--Based on the Analysis of 31 Major Tourist Cities

针对我国空气污染及严重雾霾天气频发阻碍旅游城市旅游业进一步发展的现状,采用我国31个主要旅游城市280个站点2013—2019年7年空气质量综合指数(AQCI)月均值,用均值统计和趋势回归方法,可以发现:(1)AQCI浓度呈现冬季偏高,夏季偏低,春秋两季居中的态势,北方内陆地区城市AQCI的均值要大于南方地区及沿海地区。(2)根据各站点的AQCI值,春季和秋季80%以上空气质量等级为轻度和重度污染;冬季60%以上空气质量为中度和重度污染;夏季90%以上为良。(3)AQCI呈下降趋势站点数略多于呈上升趋势站点数,多数旅游城市空气质量在逐步提升。(4)宜游时间较长的城市有海口、福州、拉萨、贵阳、和昆明等;低于一个月的城市为北京、石家庄、太原、郑州、天津等。(5)空气污染对旅游城市的旅游资源、交通港航、旅游品牌建设、旅游市场发展与游客带来直接或间接的影响,最终从经济、社会、生态等方面影响该区域的旅游效益。

In view of the current situation that air pollution and severe haze weather frequently hinder the further development of the tourist industry in tourist cities in China, the monthly mean air quality comprehensive index(AQCI)at 280 sites of 31 major tourist cities in China from 2013 to 2019 was used to study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and changing trends of air quality comprehensive index by means of mean statistics and trend regression.The results showed that:(1) AQCI is higher in winter, lower in summer, and centered in spring and autumn. The mean value of AQCI in northern inland areas is higher than that in southern areas and coastal areas.(2) According to the AQCI values of each station, more than 80% of the air quality in spring and autumn is mildly or severely polluted. In winter, more than 60% of the air quality is moderately or severely polluted. More than 90% is good in summer.(3) From the perspective of trends, the number of sites in the downward trend of AQCI exceeds that in the upward trend.In recent years, the air quality is improving in most tourist cities in China.(4) Suitable cities for long-term tourism are Haikou, Fuzhou, Lhasa, Guiyang and Kunming. Beijing, Shijiazhuang, Taiyuan, Zhengzhou and Tianjin have one suitable month for tourism.(5) Air pollution has a direct or indirect impact on the tourism resources, traffic, tourism brand construction, tourism market development and tourists of tourist cities, and finally affects the benefits of tourism in the region from economic, social and ecological aspects.