产能约束下的供应商竞争

Two Suppliers'Co mpetitions under Capacity Constraint

买方市场中,占据主导地位的零售商通常会引人生产同质产品的两家或多家供应商,以满足自身的需求,并通过供应商之间的竞争获取更高的利益。价格竞争是供应商为了争夺市场份额的重要手段。然而,在产能充足的前提下,竞争的最终结果是双方均不获利。本文从产能角度出发,运用报童模型分析了两个生产同质产品的供应商在不同产能下,竞争对供应商和零售商的影响。通过分析对比产能对称和不对称两种情况,我们发现竞争对于零售商来说总是有利的,而对于相互竞争的供应商来说,产能大小应该限定在一定范围内,并从中获得一些管理学方面启示。

In the buyers market,the dominant retailers often introduce two or more suppliers that produce homogenous products to meet their own needs and obtain higher benefits through competition among suppliers.Price competition is an important means for suppliers to compete for market share.However,under the premise of sufficient production capacity,the result of competition will be that neither party will be profitable.From the perspective of production capacity,this paper uses the newsboy model to analyze the effect of competition on suppliers and retailers under different production capacity for two suppliers producing homogeneous products.By analyzing and comparing the two situations of symmetry and asymmetry capacity,we find that retailer can always benefit from competition,while for competing suppliers,productivity capacity should be restricted to a certain extent.Finally,we obtain some inspiration from management.