现代社会的单向度取向与多元的民族经济文化类型——对独龙族三位一体经济体系的再认识

One-sided Tendency of Modern Society and Diversified Economic and Cultural Types:A new Understanding of the three-in-one Economic System of the Dulong Nationality

长期以来,在现代性话语的支配下,独龙族社会往往被贴上了“原始”的标签。在充满悖论的现代社会中所形塑的发展话语,其内核是已被意识形态化扭曲了的进化论。它一直产生着极为不幸的多重结果。独龙族三位一体的经济体系呈现出与其他民族社会在经济与文化上的极大差异,蕴含着“低度生产”“不过度攫取”“接受自然馈赠”等不同于现代社会主流价值文化的理念,也正是这种差异,为我们展现了具有丰富内容的不同生活模式和文化特征。全方位地认识和理解这一生计方式的立足基点、行为准则,多样化的生存技能等等,对现代社会单向度生存选择的质疑,具有一种强大的震撼力和冲击力。

On the basis of a new understanding of the nature of modern society,this paper reveals the fact that the concept of development shaped in a society full of paradoxes avoids precisely the basic questions.Since evolutionism,which has been distorted by ideology,was added the concept of progress,extremely unfortunate consequences have been observed.Due to traditional dissemination of the ridiculous idea of binary opposition,the richness and diversity of agriculture in different ethnic groups,which have lasted for thousands of years in human society,have been mercilessly obliterated,dispelled and obscured,forming a one-sided tendency to analyze the agricultural society of different ethnic groups with a single focus on agricultural production,especially grain planting.It is under the domination of this modern perception that the Dulong nationality has long been regarded as a primitive,low-class or backward mode of production and social model.