三种荞麦米储藏期品质动态变化研究

Dynamic Changes in Quality of Three Kinds of Dehulled Common Buckwheat Seeds During Storage

以通荞2号、赤甜1号和品甜2号三个品种的荞麦米为研究对象,开展80 d储藏期内色度、含水量、脂肪、蛋白质、淀粉、总黄酮、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素等品质变化规律研究。结果表明,随着储藏时间的推移,荞麦米的外观颜色发生劣变。总色差ΔE^*、ΔL^*和Δa^*变化显著,Δb^*无明显变化;含水量、总黄酮、叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量显著降低;蛋白质含量缓慢增加,但不显著;脂肪和淀粉含量无明显变化。这些因素变化趋势与时间变化相关性各异,ΔE^*、Δa^*与时间极显著正相关(P<0.01),ΔL^*与时间极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)负相关;含水量、总黄酮、叶绿素和类胡萝卜素与时间显著性负相关(P<0.05);三个品种的蛋白质含量与时间的相关性不一致;淀粉和脂肪与时间无显著相关性(P>0.05)。品种对ΔE^*、ΔL^*、Δa^*、含水量、脂肪、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素的变化程度显著影响,而对Δb^*、蛋白质、淀粉、总黄酮影响很小。研究结果为提高储藏品质及延长货架期提供有力的参考依据。

This paper mainly studied on the changes of the colorimetric value and the content of water,fat,protein,starch,total flavonoid,chlorophyll,carotenoid in three kinds of dehulled common buckwheat seeds(Tong Qiao No.2,ChiTian No.1 and PinTian No.2)during storage period of 80 d.The results detected that,the color of dehulled common buckwheat seedshad deteriorated.While theΔE^*,ΔL^*andΔa^*displayed a significant trend,theΔb^*presented ruleless,the content of water,total flavonoid,chlorophyll,carotenoid decreased significantly,the content of protein increased slowly without significant difference.And fat and starch content showed no obvious trend.Above factors had different correlations with time changes.ExceptΔb^*,the colorimetric values were significantly related with time(P<0.05).The content of water,total flavonoid,chlorophyll,carotenoid had significant negative correlation with time(P<0.05).The correlation coefficients of three kinds of dehulled common buckwheat seeds between changes of protein content and time were different,and the content of starch and fat had no significant correlation with time(P>0.05).Different varieties significantly effected on the degree of change inΔE^*,ΔL^*,Δa^*,water,fat,chlorophyll,carotenoid content,while the influence onΔb^*,proein,starch and total flavonoid was neglectable.These results could provide a scientific basis for improving the quality and shelf life of dehulled common buckwheat seeds.