琴师还是琴士——明代琴人杨季静社会身份研究

Professional Guqin Performer or Master——A Study of the Social Identity of Guqin Performer YANG Jijing

明代中叶吴中琴人杨季静,现存文献中几乎没有记载,关于这位琴人的事迹,是通过明代吴门画家的笔墨流传下来的。吴门“社会精英”的群体成员,身兼“文人”“官宦”“隐士”“书画家”等多重身份,他们的艺术社交网络极其复杂广泛,与当地琴人杨季静常有交往。以“琴人杨季静”为创作主题的书画作品,有文徵明《蕉石鸣琴图》,文伯仁《杨季静小像》,唐寅《琴士图》《南游图》,仇英、文徵明《理琴图、琴赋合璧卷》五幅,此外还有中国嘉德2015年春季拍卖的纸本水墨书法《吴门名士手柬卷》。在对上述书画作品及其题跋的研究中,可以了解杨季静努力想成为琴士,但实际依然是无法融入文人精英圈子的琴师。

In the middle of the Ming Dynasty,Yang Jijing,a Guqin performer in WU Zhong region,had little records in the existing literature.The deeds of the performer were passed down through the records of Wumen painters of the Ming Dynasty.Wumen's"Social Elite"group members have multiple identities such as"literati","officials","hermits"and"calligraphers and painters".Their artistic social networks are extremely complex and extensive,and they often interact with the local Guqin performer YANG Jijing.Calligraphy and painting works with the theme of"Guqin Performer YANG Jijing"include WEN Zhengming's Pictures of Guqin Performance at Banana Stones,WEN Boren's Portrait of YANG Jijing,TANG Yin's Guqin Performer and Journey to the South.QIU Ying and Wen Zhengming's Five paintings of Guqin Performance,in addition to the ink calligraphy Wumen Celebrity Calligraphy and Painting Scroll printed on paper by China Guardian in the spring of 2015.In the study of the above-mentioned calligraphy and painting works and their postscripts,it can be understood that YANG Jijing strives to become a Guqin Master,but in fact is still a performer who cannot fit into the elite circle of literati.