西方马克思主义女性解放理论探析

Analysis of the Western Marxist Theory of Women’s Liberation

西方马克思主义女性主义者运用历史唯物主义基本观点和方法,以劳动的性别分工为切入点,比较深入地分析了资本主义社会女性的生存状况,揭示了女性异化的私有制和父权制根源,探讨了女性解放的可能路径和具体策略。这些研究创造性地丰富了马克思主义关于人类解放和人的全面发展理论,为当代人类社会平等和正义的价值追求提供了有益启示,但在理论上也存在着性别特化的误区、结构分析的偏颇、解放策略的碎片化、女性解放与社会革命断裂等局限性。因此,西方马克思主义女性解放理论尚需进一步敞开解放的空间。

Western Marxist feminists use the basic viewpoints and methods of historical materialism to analyze the living conditions of women in capitalist society,reveal the root of private ownership and patriarchy of women’s alienation,and explore the possible path and specific strategies of women’s liberation.These studies have creatively enriched the Marxist theory of human liberation and all-round development,and provided useful enlightenment for the value pursuit of equality and justice in contemporary human society.However,there are some limitations in theory,such as the misunderstanding of gender specialization,the biased structural analysis,the fragmentation of liberation strategy,the rupture of women’s liberation and social revolution,etc.Therefore,western Marxists hold that the theory of emancipation of righteous women still needs to open up the space of emancipation.