选择性取证用证之考量——以冤错疑刑案为镜鉴

Considerations for Selective Collecting and Using Evidences——Mirroring the Cases of Injustice

案侦的取证与用证相互渗透,选择取证时机与用证推理都是有条件的。考量选择性取证用证之利弊,辨析其合理性与违理性、合法性与违法性,以及它们与司法效益和冤错疑刑案的关系。以冤错疑刑案为镜,在其选证用证中,本应用证排除嫌疑的,却选择了认定嫌疑;本应用证指向另一嫌疑的,却选择了伪装现场等说辞。这些排除与认定,都将案侦司法活动引入了歧途。而错误性选证用证造成的疑罪案件,更没有使当事人获得正义。虽然选择性组织证据体系,是还原案件事实的必然途径,但是案侦应在尽可能全面收集证据材料的基础上选用证据。在选证用证过程中,以什么样的标准取舍案件材料,在案侦司法人员的考量中,除了业务能力,公正执法的素质至关重要。

The collecting and using evidences in a case investigation are mutually infiltrated,and the timing of evidence collection and reasoning for using evidence are conditional.Consider the advantages and disadvantages,analyze its rationality and irrationality,legality and illegality,and their relationship with judicial benefits and criminal cases of injustice.Taking the cases of injustice as a mirror,in the selection and use of the evidence,this application permit was used to eliminate the suspect,but chose to identify the suspect;this application permit pointed to another suspect,but chose to disguise the scene.These exclusions and determinations have all led astray in case investigation and judicial activities.These suspected cases have not given the parties justice.Although the selective organizating the evidence system is an inevitable way to restore the facts of the case,the case investigation should select evidence on the basis of collecting evidence materials as comprehensively as possible.In the process of selecting and using evidence,in addition to professional ability,the quality of fair law enforcement is of paramount importance when investigating and judging the standards of case materials.