李煜词的章法结构

The Composition and Structure of Li Yu's Lyrics

南唐后主李煜是晚唐五代最为杰出的词人之一。后主词之所以具备如此高超的艺术造诣,很大程度上得益于其章法结构上的匠心独运。文章从词之章法结构中起句、过片与结句三个基本方面入手,对李煜词展开探讨,将其章法结构特点归结为起句大致分为以景起和以情起,且又可分为“平起”与“陡起”;过片常见“承上启下”之法,同时又善用“一气贯注”之法;结句则可分为以景象作结、以情貌作结、以情语作结和以比兴作结四大类。

Li Yu,the emperor of the Southern Tang Dynasty,was one of the most outstanding lyrics poets in the late Tang and Five Dynasties.The reason why the Li Yu's lyrics have such superb artistic attainments is largely due to its ingenious composition and structure.This paper discusses Li Yu's lyrics from three basic aspects about the composition and structure of lyrics:the beginning sentence,the passing sentence and the ending sentence.The characteristics of the beginning sentence can be divided into two parts:beginning with scene and beginning with emotion.And it also can be divided into another two parts:"smooth beginning"and"steep beginning".The passing sentence commonly uses the method of"a connecting link between the preceding and the following",and the method of"concentrating with one breath"is also well used.The ending sentence can be divided into four categories:ending with scene,ending with expression and appearance,ending with affective language and ending with metaphor and analogy.