芳纶短纤维增强硅橡胶阻尼材料的制备及性能研究

Preparation and Properties of Aramid Short Fiber Reinforced Silicone Rubber Damping Materials

以芳纶纤维和苯基硅橡胶为原料,制得芳纶短纤维增强硅橡胶阻尼材料,研究了纤维长度、纤维用量及纤维处理方式对阻尼材料力学性能与阻尼特性的影响。结果表明,硫酸酸蚀处理可增大纤维表面粗糙度,而硅烷偶联剂则附着于纤维表面,实验所涉纤维处理方式中,γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷与纤维的结合最好,以其制得的阻尼材料的拉断伸长率最高,达到524%。阻尼材料的弹性模量随纤维长度的增加变化不明显,但随纤维用量的增加而略有增加。纤维长度对阻尼材料的储能模量与损耗因子的影响较小;而随着纤维用量的增加,材料的储能模量与损耗因子增加,使得材料的阻尼性能得到改善。相比于基体硅橡胶,制备的短纤维增强阻尼材料的损耗因子提高明显。

Aramid fibers and phenyl silicone rubber are used as raw materials to prepare aramid short fiber reinforced silicone rubber damping materials.The effects of fiber length,fiber consumption,and fiber treatments on the mechanical properties and damping characteristics of the materials are studied.The results show that the sulfuric acid etching treatment can increase the surface roughness of the fiber,while the silane coupling agent is attached to the fiber surface.In the fiber treatments involved in the experiment,3-methacryloxy propyltrimethoxysilane works well in combination with the aramid fiber,and the elongation at break of the damping material is the highest,reaching 524%.The elastic modulus of the damping material does not change significantly with the length of the fiber,but increases slightly with the increase of fiber.The effect of fiber length on the storage modulus and dielectric loss factor of the damping material is small;and as the amount of fiber increases,the storage modulus and dielectric loss factor of the material also increase,which improves the material’s damping performance.Compared with the base silicone rubber,the dielectric loss factor of the prepared short fiber reinforced damping material is improved obviously.