黔北地区某医学院校大学生口腔健康知信行现状调查及影响因素分析

Investigation on status quo of knowledge,attitude and practice about oral health among students in a medical university of northern Guizhou and its influencing factors analysis

目的了解黔北地区某医学院校学生口腔健康知信行现状及其影响因素,为该校改善学生口腔健康知信行提供依据。方法通过多阶段分层整群抽样获取样本,采用问卷调查法进行调查,共发放问卷956份,回收923份,回收率为96.5%,其中有效问卷865份,有效回收率为93.7%。应用SPSS17.0统计软件进行数据分析。结果学生口腔健康知信行整体水平中等,维度得分由高至低依次为信念、知识、行为;男生口腔健康知信行合格率高于女生,医学专业学生口腔健康知信行合格率高于非医学专业学生,城镇生源学生口腔健康知信行合格率高于农村生源学生,少数民族学生与汉族学生口腔健康知信行合格率基本一致;2013级学生口腔健康知信行合格率最高(67.1%)。各维度合格率由高至低依次为信念、知识、行为;不同性别学生信念、行为2个维度得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年级学生知识、行为2个维度得分及口腔健康知信行整体得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);性别、生源地、年级、专业类型均对学生口腔健康知识均存在影响,差异均有统计学意义[优势比(OR)=1.416、1.998、0.689、0.416,P<0.05];性别、知识对学生口腔健康信念存在影响,差异均有统计学意义(OR=1.469、0.362,P<0.05);性别、知识、信念对学生口腔健康行为均存在影响,差异均有统计学意义(OR=0.714、0.577、0.660,P<0.05);专业类型、知识、信念、行为对学生口腔健康知信行整体水平均存在影响,差异均有统计学意义(OR=0.404、0.009、0.041、0.011,P<0.05)。结论该校学生口腔健康知信行整体水平中等,应加强对学生的口腔健康教育,形成良好的口腔卫生习惯,从而逐步提高学生口腔健康知信行整体水平。

Objective To understand the status quo of the knowledge(K),attitude(A)and practice(P)about the oral health among the students in a medical university of northern Guizhou and its influencing factors in order to provide the evidence for improving the KAP about the oral health among the students in the medical university.Methods The multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was applied to obtain the sample.The questionnaire investigation method was adopted to conduct the survey.A total of 956 questionnaires were issued and 923 questionnaires were recovered with a recovery rate of 96.5%,among them 865 recovered were effective with an effective rate of 93.7%.The SPSS17.0 statistical software was used to conducting the data analysis.Results The overall level of KAP about oral health among the students was on the medium.The dimensional scores from high to low were A>K>P,the qualification rate of KAP in male students was higher than that in female students,which in the students with the medical specialty was higher than that in the students with non-medical specialty,which in the students derived from the cities and towns was higher than that in the students derived from the rural areas,and which in the minority nationality students and Han students was basically consistent;the qualification rate of KAP about oral health among the students of the grade 2013 was the highest(67.1%).The qualification rate of each dimension from high to low was A,K and P respectively,the comparison in 2 dimensions of A and P had statistical difference between different sexes(P<0.05);the scores of K and P dimensions and KAP overall score had statistical difference among different grades of students(P<0.05);the sex,origin place of students,grade and specialty had the influence on the oral health knowledge,and the differences were statistically significant[odds ratio(OR)=1.416,1.998,0.689,0.416,P<0.05];the specialty type,K,A and P had influence on the overall level of K,A,P of oral health,and the difference was statistically significant(OR=0.404,0.009,0.041,0.011,P<0.05).Conclusion The K,A,P overall level of oral health among the students in the medical college is ion the medium,the students′oral health education should be strengthened to form the good oral health habit,thus gradually increase the overall level of KAP about oral health among the students.