创新创业平台对国家高新区全要素生产率增长的作用研究——来自2012-2017年88个国家高新区关系数据的证据

Research on the Mechanism of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Platforms on the Gap of Total Factor Productivity Growth in National High-tech Zones--Evidence from the relationship data of 88 national high-tech zones from 2012 to 2017

国家高新区创新创业平台作为国家创新体系的关键组成部分,是推动我国技术创新与经济发展的重要载体和核心力量。研究基于2012-2017年88个国家高新区的关系数据,采用二次指派程序方法实证考察了国家高新区创新创业平台与全要素生产率增长差距之间的关系。研究发现:(1)创新创业平台对国家高新区全要素生产率增长差距存在正向影响,且这种影响作用在明显增强;(2)不同类型的创新创业平台对国家高新区全要素生产率增长差距的正向影响强度不同,其中,产业孵化平台的影响最大,科技研发平台的影响次之,公共服务平台的影响最小;(3)创新创业平台对国家高新区全要素生产率增长差距的影响程度随着国家高新区创新创业平台发展水平的不同而不同。具体而言,在创新创业平台发展水平较高的国家高新区,创新创业平台对全要素生产率增长差距的正向影响作用更明显;相反,在创新创业平台发展水平较低的国家高新区,创新创业平台对全要素生产率增长差距的正向影响作用相对不明显。基于此,文章从推动双创平台均衡发展、完善产业孵化平台体系、发挥平台生态乘数效应等方面提出了对策建议。

As a key component of national innovation system, national high-tech zone innovation and entrepreneurship platforms are an important carrier and core force to promote China’s technological innovation and economic development. Based on the relationship data of 88 national high-tech zones from 2012 to 2017, this paper adopts the method of Quadratic Assignment Procedure to analyze the impact of innovation and entrepreneurship platforms on the regional gap of total factor productivity growth. The research found that:(1) The innovation and entrepreneurship platforms have a positive impact on the gap of total factor productivity growth in national high-tech zones, and the impact is increasing.(2) Different types of innovation and entrepreneurship platforms have different positive influence on the growth gap of total factor productivity in national high-tech zones.(3) In the national high-tech zones with a high level of development of the innovation and entrepreneurship platforms, the innovation and entrepreneurship platforms have a positive impact on the gap of total factor productivity growth. On the contrary, In the national high-tech zones with a low level of development of the innovation and entrepreneurship platforms, the positive influence on the total factor productivity growth gap is not obvious. Based on this, countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from the aspects of promoting coordinated development of innovation and entrepreneurship platforms, improving the industrial incubation platform system and playing the multiplier effect of platform ecology.