思辨本体论的基本规定及其超越——兼论历史唯物主义在存在论历史中的意义

The Basic Properties of Speculative Ontology and Beyond——Also on the Significance of Historical Materialism in History of Ontology

绝对的普遍性、绝对的本原性和绝对的本质性是本体概念的三重规定。本体概念是以特定的思维方式把握世界形成的观念建构,但却被看成实体意义上的绝对存在。以本体概念为基础的本体论是建立在抽象主义、基础主义、本质主义和绝对主义思维方式之上的思辨形而上学体系。历史唯物主义因为超越思辨本体论而开启了后形而上学的当代思想视域。当代思想的本质任务就是扬弃思辨的本体论体系及其思维方式,拒绝绝对主义和独断主义,为弘扬打碎思维禁锢的开放精神奠定思想前提。

Absolute universality, absolute origin and absolute essence are the triple ontological definition of the concept of onto-. The concept of onto-is the ideal construction to grasp the world in a specific mode of thinking, but be regarded as the absolute being in the sense of entity. Based on the concept of onto-, ontology is a system of speculative metaphysics through the thinking of abstractionism, foundationalism, essentialism and absolutism. Historical materialism has opened the contemporary thought horizon of post-metaphysics because it surpasses speculative ontology. The substantial task of contemporary thought is to sublate the speculative ontological system and its way of thinking, and to reject any position of dogmatism.