基于SA-OMA的锯床齿轮箱动态性能优化方法

SA-OMA based dynamic characteristics optimization for gear box of sawing machine

为优化锯床刚性及动态力学性能,提高其工作效率与稳定性,提出一种锯床齿轮箱动态性能优化方法。采用将各传动轴系简化为质量单元的建模方法建立锯床齿轮箱数值模型,得到了齿轮箱的模态参数。对齿轮箱各设计变量进行灵敏度分析(SA),得到其对目标函数的灵敏程度。结合运行模态分析(OMA),获取齿轮箱在不同工况下的实际振动特性,进而优化锯床齿轮箱结构。对优化前后的锯床进行锯切实验和振动信号采集,实验结果表明,优化后的齿轮箱固有频率得到显著提高;在各工况下齿轮箱振幅均明显降低,锯床工作稳定性得到改善。本研究可为机床多体动力学建模与优化提供理论参考,也可为锯床高速稳定切削提供技术解决方案。

In order to optimize the rigidity and dynamic mechanical properties of sawing machine and improve its working efficiency and stability,a method for optimizing the dynamic performance of sawing machine gear box is proposed.A numerical model of the sawing machine gear box is established by simplifying each drive shaft system into a mass unit,and the modal parameters of the gear box are obtained.Sensitivity analysis(SA)is carried out for each design variable of the gear box to obtain its sensitivity to the objective function.Combined with operational modal analysis(OMA),the actual vibration characteristics of the gear box under different working conditions are obtained,and then the structure of the sawing machine gear box is optimized.Sawing experiment and vibration signal acquisition are carried out on the sawing machine before and after optimization.The experimental results show that the natural frequency of the optimized gear box is significantly increased.The gearbox amplitude is significantly reduced under various working conditions,and the stability of the sawing machine is improved.This study can provide theoretical reference for modeling and optimization of multi-body dynamics of machine tools,and also provide technical solutions for high-speed and stable cutting of sawing machines.