物业管理立法的困境与路径

The dilemma and path of the property management legislation

法学界长期对于社区治理问题比较忽视,仅有的一些研究成果集中于从民法角度研究物业管理中个别制度、概念的理论问题,长期争鸣而无定论,却忽视了整个物业管理的立法问题。由于缺乏完善的物业管理法律制度体系,物业矛盾化解缺乏充分的法治基础,许多问题无法可依,导致物业矛盾难以化解。目前,我国的物业管理立法面临许多困境,主要是行政主导立法与业主自治原则相冲突,全国性立法或缺或简,地方立法杂乱不足,以管理规约为代表的软法在小区治理中没有起到应有的作用等。未来的小区治理需要科学的物业管理立法,要做到坚持人大主导立法,构建"中央—地方—民间规范"的物业法律体系,鼓励业主参与立法,激发社会规范活力等。

There has been lack of attention on the problem about community management in Chinese law circle.The most research results focus on some system problems and theoretical problems of concept about property management from the angel of civil law,which leave no room for the legislation problems of property management.Due to the fragmentary legal system of property management,many contradictions can not be resolved by appropriate provisions.Nowadays,some significant problems of property management legislation appear,and they are conflict of leadership body,simple central legislation,disordered local legislation and ineffective soft law.Future community management needs science property management legislation,which calls for lawmaking dominated by NPC,building legal system of property management in the mode of"central-local-folk norms",encouraging property owners to participate in and inspiring vitality of social norms.