国家资本主义在摩洛哥

State Capitalism in Morocco

20世纪以来,发展问题已成为世界经济与政治的重要研究议题之一。现有文献较多关注“经济奇迹国”或“经济大国”的发展模式问题,但较少关注以政治稳定为核心的小国发展模式研究。2010年以来,中东北非地区相继爆发了“阿拉伯之春”、苏丹军事政变、阿尔及利亚政权更迭等政治事件。可以看出,阿拉伯共和制国家几乎都未能抵御大规模抗争政治的影响,阿拉伯君主制国家却能一直保持着稳定的政局。作为非洲西北角的阿拉伯君主制国家,摩洛哥自1956年独立至今一直维持着较强的政治、经济和社会稳定,其发展模式值得深入探讨。

The core foundation of Morocco's development model is the combination of state intervention and capitalist mode of production.After liberalization reforms in the 7980s,with Morocco's state capitalism maturing,the direct product of which was the emergence of a large numher of national champions.National champions have played a huge positive role in boosting employment,increasing GDP,contributing tax revenues,and enriching the investment structure.However,social problems such as inequality,poverty,and education are the key factors restricting the effectiveness of the development model.