氮肥对刺五加幼苗碳代谢及生长发育的影响

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Carbon Metabolism and Growth and Development of Acanthopanax senticosus Seedlings

目的:通过研究不同氮肥施用量对刺五加幼苗生长发育及碳代谢的影响,筛选出刺五加幼苗合理施肥条件,为刺五加人工栽培的科学施肥提供依据和指导。方法:采用单点单因素大田实验,以长势均一的1年生刺五加幼苗为研究样本,分别用5个不同的施氮量处理组进行处理,其中N1处理组(30 g·m^-2),N2处理组(60 g·m^-2),N3处理组(90 g·m^-2),N4处理组(120 g·m^-2),N5处理组(150 g·m^-2),以及CK组(0 g·m^-2),3个月后,收获时测定样本植株株高、根围、茎围、根冠比以及SPAD值。采集刺五加新鲜叶片用于测定蛋白质含量及蔗糖含量,淀粉含量,可溶性糖含量和还原性糖含量。结果:N3处理组最利于刺五加植株的生长发育,该处理下刺五加幼苗长势最好,N3处理组的刺五加蛋白质含量最高,N5处理组和CK处理组最利于积累淀粉及蔗糖。N5处理组可溶性糖含量及还原性糖含量最高。结论:刺五加幼苗的生长发育对施氮量存在剂量效应关系,即低施氮量处理和高施氮量处理都会对刺五加造成逆境胁迫,通过研究,得出适宜刺五加生长的施氮量为90~120 g·m^-2。

Objective:To study the effect of different nitrogen application rates on the growth and carbon metabolism of Acanthopanax senticosus seedlings,and screen out the rational fertilization conditions,in order to provide basis and guidance for scientific fertilization of artificially cultivated A.senticosus.Method:A singlepoint,single-factor field experiment was conducted to study the seedlings of growing evenly A.senticosus.Five different nitrogen application treatment groups were set up to treat the seedlings,namely N1 group(30 g·m^-2),N2 group(60 g·m^-2),N3 group(90 g·m^-2),N4 group(120 g·m^-2),N5 group(150 g·m^-2)and CK group(0 g·m^-2),respectively.Three months later,plant height,root circumference,stem circumference,root-shoot ratio and SPAD were measured at harvest time.The contents of protein,sucrose,starch,soluble sugar and reducing sugar in fresh leaves were measured.Result:N3 treatment was the best treatment method for the growth and development of A.senticosus seedlings,and the growth of A.senticosus seedlings was the best under this treatment.The protein content of A.senticosus seedlings in N3 treatment was the highest.Starch and sucrose were best accumulated in N5 treatment group and CK treatment group.N5 treatment had the highest soluble sugar content and reducing sugar content.Conclusion:There is a dose-effect relationship between the growth and development of A.senticosus seedlings;that is to say,low and high nitrogen application treatments will cause stress on A.senticosus seedlings.In conclusion,the suitable nitrogen application rate for A.senticosus growth is90-120 g·m^-2.