商标使用意图制度之新塑

The New Construct of the Use Intention System of Trademarks

商标使用意图制度的新塑应强调注册与使用的平衡并进,一方面需省思我国注册制的异化定位,另一方面需强化注册过程中的使用要素。美国《兰哈姆法》规定的使用意图申请制度的构成要件、操作流程和案例实践可以为我国提供详细的借鉴。我国使用意图制度的完善首先应当在立法宗旨中增加使用的价值理念;其次具化商标使用意图审查标准,其中包括主体要件具化和程序要件具化,主体要件具化主要考量是否进行了积极的经营筹备,申请注册商标的类别和数量是否超过合理范围等,程序要件具化主要操作为意图申请书、证人声明以及缴纳一定保证金;最后实现商标使用意图制度与异议程序和“撤三”程序的合理衔接。

The use intention system of trademarks should emphasize the balance between registration and use.On the one hand,it is necessary to reflect on the alienation positioning of China’s registration system,and on the other hand,it is necessary to strengthen the use elements in the registration process.The constituent elements,operational procedures and case practices of the use intention system stipulated in the US Lanham Act can provide detailed reference for our country.The improvement of the use intention system in China should firstly increase the value concept of use in the legislative purpose.Secondly,the review standard for trademark use intention must be specified,including the main requirements and the procedural requirements.The main requirements mainly consider whether there are active business preparations,whether the type and quantity of registered trademarks exceed the reasonable range,etc.While the procedural requirements are specified as the intention application,the witness statement and the payment of a certain deposit.Finally,a reasonable convergence between the trademark use intention system and the opposition procedure or the trademark cancellation procedure is achieved.