个税部分豁免型商业养老保险“何以可行”?——波兰IKE计划的教训和上海试点的实证考量

Why is the partially tax-deferred commercial endowment insurance is Feasible--Lessons from the Polish IKE Plan and Empirical Considerations for the Shanghai

个税部分豁免型商业养老保险是发展养老保险第三支柱的重要类型。吸取波兰IKE计划TEE型养老保险的失败教训,基于上海试点的模拟测算,分析比较了参加TEE型和EEpT型商业养老保险条件下,劳动者和政府的福利水平。研究发现,实行EEpT型商业养老保险,上海市地方财政是可接受的;对于较低收入者,EEpT型商业养老保险的税优政策和现行税收政策之间的"逻辑冲突"使得EEpT型商业养老保险对其并不友好,亟需完善税优政策,提高制度的适应性;对于中高收入者,EEpT型商业养老保险具有明显的税收优势,福利水平提升显著。

Partially tax-deferred commercial endowment insurance is the material carrier for the development of the third pillar.Learning the failure lessons of the TEE insurance, which is typical of the Polish IKE plan. Based on the simulation calculations of the Shanghai, the analyzing and comparing the welfare levels of workers and the government under the conditions of TEE and EEpT commercial insurance. The study found that the implementation of the current EEpT commercial insurance can be accepted by the Shanghai government;for the lower-income earners, the"logical conflict"between the tax-optimal policy and the tax policy makes EEpT unfriendly and needs to improve the tax and excellent policies to improve the adaptability of the system;for middle and high income people, EEpT has obvious tax advantages and the welfare level has improved significantly.