高考考生科学思维关键要素水平诊断与分析——以2019年高考(天津卷)理科综合物理部分为例

Diagnosis and Analysis of the Development Level of Crucial Elements in Scientific Thinking of Examinees from College Entrance Examination:Taking the Physics Examination Paper 2019(Tianjin)as an Example

教育部颁布的《普通高中物理课程标准(2017版)》凝练了学科核心素养。为帮助教师了解学生核心素养发展水平,推进基于核心素养的教学,天津市教育质量评估监测中心高考评价项目物理学科组以2019年高考(天津卷)理科综合物理部分实测数据和抽样题卡为依据,结合往年相关试题的作答情况,对天津市高中学生科学思维中模型建构和科学推理两个关键要素的发展状况进行分析,找出学生的优势和不足,并据此提出在教学中落实核心素养培养的具体建议。

The National Physics Curriculum Standards for General High School(2017)issued by the Ministry of Education condensed the key competences of Physics subject.In order to help teachers determine students’levels of their key competences in Physics and promote Physics teaching based on these competences,the Physics Group of Tianjin College Entrance Examination Assessment Project collected data and sample answer sheets from 2019 Tianjin College Entrance Examination on Physics.This paper aims to analyze the development of model construction and scientific reasoning abilities of high school students in Tianjin,the two crucial elements in cultivating scientific thinking,point out students’strengths and weaknesses and put forward specific suggestions in teaching Physics on developing students’key competences.