新型传染病防治的方法论思考

Methodology of Prevention and Treatment of New Infectious Diseases

新型传染病具有不同于传统传染病的特殊规律。在方法论层面将医学分为广义病原医学、本体医学和预防医学三种方法论体系,并认为应当建立起以预防和本体医学方法论为主,以广义病原医学为辅的传染病防治方法体系。建议引入“自动决策机制”以避免专家误判和政府决策错误;应当从严重危害人类、而不是危害野生动物角度将“食用潜在致病性野生动物”行为入罪。

New infectious diseases have mechanisms different from the traditional ones.This paper presents three methodology systems,generalized pathogenic medicine,ontological medicine,and preventive medicine,and discusses the need to establish a methodical system of prevention and control of infectious diseases,which is mainly based on the methodology of preventive and ontological medicine,supplemented by generalized pathogenic medicine.The“automatic decision-making mechanism”is introduced to avoid experts’misjudgment and government’s decision-making errors.The nature of“the crime of eating potentially pathogenic wild animals”should be based on the serious harm to human beings rather than to wild animals.