突发公共卫生事件监测与防控体系的软件设计

Designing Monitoring and Prevention Software for Public Health Systems in Emergencies

突发公共卫生事件是指在某些国家或地区突然发生的,使民众生命、生活、生产受到严重威胁的大规模传染性流行疾病事件。在现代社会中,个体接受的信息多、随机移动半径大且移动速度快、进入密集人群的可能性大,当发生突发公共卫生事件时,采用传统流行病学调查等手段,不能准确地监测到个体行为轨迹和接触史,很难建立起有效阻止疾病蔓延的防控体系。观察了我国近期发生的新冠肺炎大规模流行事件和抗击疫情中的信息化应用状况;特别查阅了世界卫生组织针对流行疾病提出的防控措施,分析了公共突发事件监测与防控的主要需求和应用场景;结合国内外计算机与通信技术新成果,提出一种面向抗击大规模疫情蔓延的防控软件的技术架构及其开发方法和运营模式。此软件平台作为国家突发公共卫生事件监测与防控长效体系的有机组成部分,将助力提升我国传染病防控体系的水平。

Public health emergencies refer to large-scale infectious diseases in some countries or regions,which seriously threaten people’s life,living and production.In modern society,due to the large amount of information received by individuals,the large and fast random moving radius,and the possibility of entering dense populations,it is difficult to establish an effective system to prevent and control the spread of disease using traditional epidemiological survey and other means when public health emergencies occur.This is because those methods cannot accurately track individuals’behavior and their detailed contact history.The author observed the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic in China recently,as well as the application of information technology in the fight against the epidemic,consulted the preventive and control measures against epidemic diseases from WHO,analyzed the main demands and application scenarios of public emergency monitoring and prevention,and based on the new achievements in computer and communication technology at home and abroad,put forward a technical framework,development method,and operation mode for preventing and controlling the spread of a large-scale epidemic.As an organic part of the long-term monitoring and control system of national public health emergencies,the software platform will help to improve the level of China’s prevention and control system for infectious diseases.