文学译者的修辞认知转换动因研究

On literary translators’ converting motivations of rhetorical cognition

文学翻译中,修辞认知的转换模式有三种:修辞认知转换为概念认知,修辞认知转换为修辞认知和概念认知转换为修辞认知。转换动因主要包括客观层面的语言、文化和思维因素以及主观层面译者的翻译观、翻译目的、语言素养、审美能力等。由于各种客观因素的限制,译者经常把原文的修辞认知转换为译文的概念认知,尤其是抗译性较强的修辞认知,导致一定的审美损失。然而只要译者充分发挥自己的主体性,把一些概念认知转换为修辞认知,就能减少翻译过程中的审美磨蚀,提高译文作为独立文本的价值。

The conversion patterns between rhetorical cognition and conceptual cognition can be divided into three categories when rhetorical cognition is indispensable,namely,from rhetorical to conceptual cognition,from rhetorical to rhetorical cognition and from conceptual to rhetorical cognition. Translators’ converting motivations include linguistic factors,cultural factors and thinking patterns at objective level and their views on translation,linguistic proficiency,esthetic judgment as well as translation purpose at subjective level. Due to the restrictions of objective factors,most translators usually convert rhetorical cognition in the original text into conceptual cognition in the target text,especially those expressions of rhetorical cognition with high untranslatability,as a result of which the esthetic effect of the target text is somewhat weakened. However,the value of the target text as an independent text will be heightened as long as a translator makes best use of his or her subjectivity in flexibly converting conceptual into rhetorical cognition,and the esthetic loss in translation process will therefore be reduced.