冷战初期美国在菲律宾心理宣传活动探究——以亚洲基金会的“民主种子”项目为例

America’s Psychological Propaganda Activities in the Philippines during the Cold War:A Case Study of the Asia Foundation’s“Seed for Democracy”Project

随着亚洲冷战的加剧,美国在亚洲开展持续的冷战心理宣传以争夺人心,而菲律宾也成为美国冷战战略的重要一环。以美国中央情报局外围机构身份而成立的亚洲基金会尤其关注菲律宾农民群体和农村社区建设问题,积极制定并实施了名为"民主种子"社区发展项目。该项目运作十年,是美国对作为亚洲盟友的菲律宾传播美国价值观、实施隐性心理宣传并对美国国内进行冷战动员的一个典型实例。亚洲基金会在菲律宾大力推行"民主种子"项目实质是借用种子援助对菲律宾农民群体进行广泛而深入的心理宣传,从而为美国的冷战战略服务。

With the intensified development of the Cold War in Asia,the United States launched continuous psychological warfare in Asia.The Philippines became one of the most indispensable links in the U.S.Cold War strategy of winning hearts and minds.The Asia Foundation(TAF),a far-flung agency of the CIA,emphasized the issues of peasant classes and the development of country communities in the Philippines.It actively formulated and implemented a 10-year-long community project called"Seed for Democracy."Through this project,the United States not only launched hidden psychological propaganda activities to disseminate American values in the Philippines but also conducted a Cold War civilian mobilization domestically.Therefore,this TAF project of seed aid was in nature extensive and in-depth psychological propaganda aimed at Filipino peasants to meet the demand of America’s macro Cold War strategy.