规约限定与自主创新的双向互动——定县乡村建设运动与熊佛西农民戏剧实验关系研究

Two-way Interaction between Stipulation and Independent Innovation: Study on the Relationship between Rural Construction Movement in Dingxian County and Xiong Foxi's Farmers' Drama Experiment

一九三二年初春,著名戏剧家熊佛西带领一批北平国立艺术学院戏剧系师生满怀热情地奔赴河北定县,开始在中华平民教育促进会(以下简称平教会)定县乡村建设运动实验区进行历时五年、以农民为主要对象的戏剧研究与实验。深入审视不难发现,乡村建设运动与农民戏剧实验、晏阳初主导的平教会和熊佛西等戏剧同人之间的相互影响贯穿实验始终,但是二者之间有规约限定和支持配合,更有戏剧艺术的自主创新突破,异中求同、同中见异,呈现出双向互动的近乎均衡的态势,由此共同构成了1930年代知识分子参与文化启蒙与民族复兴的动人景观。

In the early spring of 1932,Xiong Foxi,a well-known dramatist,led a group of teachers and students from the Peking National Academy of Arts to Dingxian County,Hebei,with enthusiasm,and began a five-year research and experiment on farmers'drama with farmers as the main object,in the Rural Construction Movement Experimental Area of Dingxian County,China Civilian Education Promotion Association.After a closer look,it is not difficult to find that the interaction between rural construction movement and the farmers'drama experiment,the China Civilian Education Promotion Association advocated by Yan Yangchu,and Xiong Foxi went throughout the experiment,but there are stipulation and support and cooperation between the two.New breakthroughs in independent innovation of art were made,and the two sought common ground from differences and saw differences from similarities,presenting a nearly balanced situation of two-way interaction,which together constituted a moving landscape of intellectual participation in cultural enlightenment and national rejuvenation in the 1930s.