论经济主体行为的经济学范式承诺——新冠肺炎疫情引发的思考

On Promises of a Paradigm for Economics of Economic Subject Behavior--Thinking about the COVID-19 Epidemic

就其使命而言,经济学是不能满足于抽象的假设—推导范式承诺,而是必须面对现实的。而且,正是在某些非常特殊的条件下,有可能发现某些具有本质意义的规律,可以弥补高度形式化和抽象化的经济学之不足,丰富经济学的内容,使经济学更具科学价值和现实性。经济学在域观范式承诺下,才能把握人的行为。经济学关于“经济活动空间”的范式承诺转变,在劳动力人口条件的域观特征刻画上,具有基本方法论的重要意义。新冠肺炎疫情时期实际上是观察企业行为的一个很好的窗口期。对疫情时期众多企业的现实表现的观察,可以对企业改革和各类社会组织(特别是医疗卫生机构)的改革提供极为有益的启示。各国的经济制度和政策安排是没有唯一的“最优”模式的,有效适应就是理性选择。各种制度安排和政策安排,都是在社会过程中不断演进的,没有“最优”模式,只有不断适应和调整。这次新冠肺炎疫情,对正常的经济秩序产生极大的冲击,中国必须采取适应中国国情的断然措施,这也可以说是生态理性的选择。各种制度都有其长处和短处,而其适应性,即能够较有效地应对本国国情中发生的各种问题,就是在客观上合理的制度。人类只能在一定的社会条件和社会过程中,不断完善自己的社会经济制度,永远会有不足和缺陷,有改进的空间,但可以相信,社会进步的步伐永远不会停止。

As far as its mission is concerned,economics cannot satisfy the abstract hypothesis-derived paradigm promises,but must face reality.Moreover,it is under some very special conditions that it is possible to discover certain laws of essential significance that can make up for shortcomings of economics with a high degree of formality and abstraction and enrich the contents of economics so as to make economics more scientific and realistic.With the promises of a paradigm for the domain view,economics can grasp human behavior.The transformation of paradigm promises of economics on“the space for economic activity”has a fundamental methodological significance in characterizing the domain view of labor force conditions.The period of the COVID-19 epidemic is actually a good window for observing corporate behavior.Observation of the actual performance of many enterprises during the epidemic period can provide extremely useful inspiration for enterprise reform and reform of various social organizations(especially medical and health institutions).There is no single“optimal”model for economic systems and policy arrangements in various countries,and effective adaptation is the rational choice.Various institutional arrangements and policy arrangements are constantly evolving in the social process,in which there is no“optimal”model,only continuous adaptation and adjustment.The COVID-19 epidemic has had a great impact on the normal economic order.China must adopt decisive measures adapted to China’s national conditions,which can also be said to be an ecologically rational choice.Each system has its strengths and weaknesses,and its adaptability can more effectively deal with various problems in the national conditions,which is an objectively reasonable system.Human beings can only continuously improve their social and economic systems in certain social conditions and social processes.Although there will always be deficiencies and defects and there is room for improvement in the process,it is believed that the pace of social progress will never stop.