濒危植物驼峰藤的扦插繁殖及野外回归

Cutting propagation and reintroduction of endangered plant Vincetoxicum hainanense

驼峰藤Vincetoxicum hainanense是国家Ⅱ级珍稀濒危保护植物,具有重要的生态学价值。以生物统计的正交试验设计为理论依据,列出影响驼峰藤扦插生根成苗率的插穗水平、扦插基质、生长激素3个主要因子,每个因子设3个不同的水平,根据L 9(33)正交试验因素、水平组合进行了9个3因素3水平的正交试验。结果表明:通过L 9(33)正交试验,获得了濒危植物驼峰藤的枝条扦插繁殖最佳方案。以三级枝条作为插穗,竹园土和腐殖质为扦插基质,0.5 g/L生长素萘乙酸(NAA)处理切口,扦插期间给予插穗充足的水分管理,扦插7~10 d插穗切口即可产生不定根,12~15 d萌发不定芽形成新植株,一个月后扦插成苗率可达87%。将获得的扦插繁殖再生植株定植于中山市田心森林公园的驼峰藤原生森林生态生境地,次生开发阴香林生态生境地和次生开发蒲桃林生态生境地进行野外回归对比试验。原生森林生态居群的回归植株平均存成活率为96.7%,6个月后株高达252.0 cm,基径达0.78 cm,主茎分枝数达3.7。回归植株种植9个月后即可开花结实,开花率45.5%,结实率32.7%,回归植株能在原生地良好的生长,是驼峰藤野外回归的可行方法。

Vincetoxicum hainanense is a national levelⅡrare and endangered plant in China.It has important ecological value.In this study,we selected three main factors,cutting slips,cutting medium and growth hormone that affect the seedling rate of V.hainanense,each factor included 3 levels,the optimum cutting propagation conditions were obtained by orthogonal test consisting of 3 factors and 3 levels.Results showed that:The seedling rate was highest by taking level 3 branches as cutting slips and bamboo grove soil with humus as cutting medium and 0.5 g/L NAA as growth hormone.With regular watering,adventitious roots emerged 7~10 d later and cuttings became seedling 12~15 d later,the seedling rate reached 87.0%after 1 month.We transplanted these seedlings in three natural distribution areas to do a reintroduction test.These areas are primeval forest of V.hainanense,secondary forest of Cinnamomum burmanni and secondary forest of Syzygium jambos.The results showed that reintroduction plants grew very well in primeval forest of V.hainanense,the average survival rate was 96.7%.After 6 month,the height of plant reached 252.0 cm,base diameter of plant reached 0.78 cm and branch number of the main stem was 3.7,after 9 month,reintroduction plants would blossom and set fruit,the flowering rate and fruit setting rate was 45.5%and 32.7%,it is a feasible method of reintroduction.45.5%and the seed setting rate 32.7%.Together,it can be concluded that it is a feasible method of ecological restoration.