赣西北农村儿童方言特点管窥——基于华林中心小学的田野调查

On the characteristics of children′s dialects in rural areas of northwest Jiangxi province——Based on the fieldwork at Hualin Central Primary School

赣西北农村儿童方言具有鲜明的时代特点:语音上,原有方言音位系统保存完好,但汉字的文读现象日趋普遍;词汇上,方言固有词汇尤其是其中比较特殊的词汇,被大量弃用并替换成普通话词汇;语法上,方言的语法特色正逐渐被稀释,存在着比较明显的向普通话语法过渡的趋势。

Children′s dialects in the rural areas of northwest Jiangxi have distinctive characteristics of the times:1)Phonetically,the original dialect phoneme system is well preserved,but the phenomenon of Chinese characters′literal reading is becoming more and more common;2)Lexically,the dialect′s inherent vocabulary,especially the special ones,has been largely abandoned and replaced by the corresponding vocabulary in Mandarin.3)Grammatically,the grammatical features of dialects are gradually being diluted,and there is an obvious trend of transition to Mandarin grammar.