安徽省五批次传统村落演进过程及空间分布特征研究

Study on the evolution process and spatial distribution characteristics of five traditional villages in Anhui Province

传统村落承载着独特的地域性文化和古人生产、生活的传统智慧。将安徽省内五批次共400个的国家级传统村落纳入分析范围,分别运用SPSS进行基尼系数、洛伦兹曲线等描述性统计分析,ArcGIS进行最邻近距离、最邻近点指数和核密度等地理空间分析,探讨五批次传统村落空间分布演进的过程和特征。研究结果显示:①安徽省传统村落呈现非均衡凝聚型的空间分布特征,集聚形成皖南山区、皖西大别山形成两大核心区。②五批次传统村落空间分布的演进与高程、坡度、坡向等自然地理条件存在密切关联,主要分布在低海拔、缓坡、阳坡的地区。③五批次传统村落空间分布的演进与所在城镇GDP、道路交通等社会经济方面,集中分布在经济相对滞后地区,靠近道路和城镇的地区。④各个批次的传统村落各个形成年代均有之,其中隋唐五代形成的村落随批次逐渐减少,宋、元、明、清代随批次逐渐增加。

Traditional villages carry unique regional culture and the traditional wisdom of ancient people's production and life.Five batches of a total of 400 national-level traditional villages in Anhui Province were included in the analysis.SPSS was used to perform descriptive statistical analysis such as the Gini coefficient and Lorentz curve,and ArcGIS was used to perform the nearest neighbor distance,nearest neighbor index,and kernel density.Geospatial analysis explores the process and characteristics of the spatial distribution and evolution of five batches of traditional villages.The results show that:①The traditional villages in Anhui Province have a non-equilibrium cohesive spatial distribution,and they form two core areas:the southern mountainous area and the western Dabie mountain.②The evolution of the spatial distribution of the five batches of traditional villages is closely related to natural geographical conditions such as elevation,slope,and aspect,mainly distributed in areas with low altitudes,gentle slopes,and sunny slopes.③The evolution of the spatial distribution of the five batches of traditional villages and the socio-economic aspects of the town's GDP,road traffic,etc.,are concentrated in areas with relatively lagging economic areas,close to roads and towns.④Each batch of traditional villages has its formation age.The villages formed during the Sui,Tang,and Five Dynasties gradually decreased with the batch,and the Song,Yuan,Ming,and Qing dynasties gradually increased with the batch.