悲观主义哲学视域下陶渊明的幸福之路

Tao Yuanming’s Way to Happiness from the Perspective of Pessimistic Philosophy

叔本华的悲观主义哲学认为:人生是痛苦的,人是永远处在痛苦中的个体,但人也可以借助解脱之法祛除痛苦,通往幸福之路。陶渊明的一生磨难重重,有诸多深刻的痛苦体验,可喜的是,他为自己修筑了一方精神家园,使其远离世俗之悲苦,实现了内心的宁静和愉悦。借助叔本华的悲观主义哲学分析陶渊明的痛苦和幸福,对于解读陶渊明的归耕田园与价值追求,深入探究他的作品,理解他成为后世文人精神楷模等有着十分重要的意义。

Schopenhauer’s philosophy of pessimism holds that life is painful,and man is an individual who is always in pain,but man can also get rid of pain and have access to happiness by means of relief.Tao Yuanming suffered a lot in his life,and had a lot of deeply painful experiences.Fortunately,he built a spiritual home for himself,which distanced him from worldly miseries,and endowed him with inner peace and joy.It is of great significance to analyze Tao Yuanming’s pain and happiness by means of Schopenhauer’s pessimistic philosophy,to interpret Tao Yuanming’s return to farming and pursuit of nature,to probe into his works,and to hold that Tao has become a spiritual model for scholars of later generations.