2006~2018年山西省流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行病学特征及菌群变迁趋势分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis and the changes in bacterial flora,Shanxi Province,2006-2018

目的了解山西省流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)流行病学特征及脑膜炎奈瑟菌菌群分布及变迁趋势,为预防控制流脑的策略和措施的制定提供理论依据。方法利用2006~2018年全国法定传染病报告系统资料,流脑监测报告信息管理系统数据,采用Excel 2010软件处理数据,运用描述流行病学方法进行统计分析。采用SPSS 13.0软件进行χ^2线性趋势检验分析。结果2006~2018年山西省累计报告流脑病例123例,死亡18例,病死率为14.63%,年均发病率为0.0274/10万,年均死亡率为0.0041/10万。随着流脑疫苗的广泛应用,近10年每年流脑病例已降低至个位数,发病率持续保持在0.02/10万以下。发病率随年份增长而显著下降(P<0.01)。结论山西省流脑菌群分布逐渐从A群、C群为主向B群和W135群转变。

Objective To provide theoretical basis of generating strategies and measures of preventing and controlling meningitis by analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis and the distribution and changing trend of neisseria meningitidis in Shanxi province.Methods Data from national statutory infectious disease reporting system and the fluid-brain monitoring report information management system from 2006 to 2018,Excel2010 software and description of epidemiology,and linar trend analyze of SPSS 13.0 software were used.Results From 2006 to 2018,a total of 123 cases and 18 deaths were reported in Shanxi province with fatality rate of 14.63%,annual incidence of 0.0274/10^5,and an annual death rate of 0.0041/10^5.With the widespread application of vaccine,the annual cases of encephalopathy have been reduced to single digits in the past decade,and the incidence rate has been kept below 0.02/10^5.The incidence of cerebral meningitis in Shanxi province decreased significantly as time went on(P<0.01).Conclusion The distribution of the bacterial flora in the brain gradually changed from group A and group C to group B and group W135.