唯物与道成:马克思与老子关于世界秩序的生成论证

Materialism and Tao:Marx’s and Lao Tzu’s Arguments on the Generation of World Order

唯物论视域下马克思关于世界生成衍化的思想在中国哲学视域下,老子关于世界秩序的生成以“道”为本体,同时,世间万物自身生成发展不仅以道为始基,而且离不开“德”的蓄养,生成论从不同角度探究了自然、人、社会之间的关系。马克思通过追问世界的本质,对唯物论与实践观展开辩证分析,为实现人作为主体的自由本质提供哲学基础。老子对比天道与人道,反思人道有为之过失,认为统治者应当效法天道,从而实现对天下每个人自由状态的成全。

Marx’s arguments on the generation and evolution of the world are mainly reflected in the view of materialism;while,Lao Tzu’s arguments on generation of world order is based on“Tao”.According to Lao Tzu,the development of the world is not only based on the Tao,but also inseparable from the cultivation of“moral”.Lao Tzu believes that the generating theory explores the relationship between the nature,people and society from different angles.Marx conducts a dialectical analysis of materialism and practice by pursuing the nature of the world,providing a philosophical basis for realizing the individual’s free nature as the subject.Lao Tzu contrasts the Tao with humanity and reflects on humanity’s faults.He believes that the ruler should follow the Tao and realize the fulfillment of the free state of individual in the world.