泗水县湿地草本植物组成和区系分析

Species Composition and Floristic Analysis of Wetland Herbs in Sishui County

通过野外实地调查和系统分析,对泗水县湿地草本植物的种类组成和科属分布区类型进行研究。结果表明:泗水县湿地草本植物有74科221属370种,其中蕨类植物7科7属10种,双子叶植物49科146属244种,单子叶植物18科68属116种;禾本科(Gramineae)、菊科(Compositae)和莎草科(Cyperaceae)为优势科,所含种数占33.78%;单种属(140属/63.35%)和寡种属(76属/34.39%)比例高达97.74%。区系特征具有热带向温带的过渡性质及明显的热带渊源,特有性匮乏;在科一级有7个分布区类型,世界分布(45.95%)、泛热带分布(28.38%)和北温带分布(18.92%)三者比例最高,热带成分和温带成分分别占31.08%和22.97%;在属一级14个分布区类型,以世界分布(26.24%)、泛热带分布(21.72%)和北温带分布(20.81%)为主体,热带成分占30.32%,所有温带分布类型(温带成分34.39%、古地中海成分4.07%、东亚成分4.98%)总比例达43.44%;在科一级和属一级均无中国特有分布。

The study was conducted to determine the species composition and floristic types of wetland herbs in Sishui County,Shandong Province.A total of 370 herb species belonging to 221 genera and 74 families were identified from wetland this region,including ferns(10 species,7 genera and 7 families),dicotyledons(244 species,146 genera and 49 families)and monocotyledons(116 species,68 genera and 18 families).Species richness analysis revealed that Gramineae,Compositae and Cyperaceae were the dominant families,accounting for 33.78%of the total number of species,while monotypic genera(140 genera,63.35%)and oligotypic genera(76 genera,34.39%)were dominant with a proportion of 97.74%at the genus level.Floristic composition analysis represented the transitional characteristics from tropical to temperate and as well as endemism deficiency.All these herbs could be divided into 7 areal-types at the family level and 14 areal-types at the genus level.Three areal-types,i.e.Cosmopolitan,Pantropic and North Temperate,made up the main part of the wetland spermatophytes,accounting respectively for 45.95%,28.38%and 18.92%of overall families,and 26.24%,21.72%and 20.81%of overall genera.All kinds of temperate elements(i.e.Temperate elements 34.39%,Tethys elements 4.07%,East Asia elements 4.98%)owned a large proportion of 43.44%of the total number of genera,while tropical elements 30.32%.Though endemic to China,areal-types at the family or genus level had not yet been discovered.