学术成果商业化过程中的性别差异及其影响因素

Gender disparities in academic commercialization and its influencing factors

随着科技与经济结合日益紧密,大学和科研机构越来越重视学术成果的商业化,学术成果商业化过程中出现的性别分层现象也引起了相关学者的高度关注。本文系统梳理了国内外学者关于学术成果商业化过程中的性别分层现象描述及对其所做出的理论解释和实证研究。进而尝试对现有学术成果商业化性别分层现象的理论解释框架进行扩展,从个体因素、社会结构性影响、组织机构因素和其他因素四个方面梳理性别分层的解释因素。最后,总结了现有研究中存在的局限性并对未来的研究重点与趋势进行展望。

With the increasing integration of S&T and economic development, therehas been growing awareness of the importance of commercialization of academic sciencein universities and research institutes. The gender disparities during academic commercialization has also attracted more and more attention. This paper presents a systematic review of research onthe gender disparities during the process of academic commercialization and the theoretical explanation and empirical studies onthe gender disparities. Further, the individual factors, social structural factors, organizational factors and other factors have been identified as the explanation frameworkof gender disparities during academic commercialization, which expanded the existing theoretical explanation framework. Finally, the limitations of existing researcheswere discussedand the direction of future research in this field were proposed.