中国入境旅游业功能定位与宏观驱动因素研究

A Study on the Functional Orientation and Macro-driving Factors of China’s Inbound Tourism

根据入境旅游人次、客源结构、旅游收入和人均消费额四项指标,同时考虑到入境旅游业的功能定位,我们可把改革开放以来中国入境旅游业的发展历程划分为起步、发展、稳定和波动四个阶段,在这四个阶段入境旅游业分别主要承担着创汇、提升国家形象、传播中华文化和促进中外文化交流的功能。同时在每个阶段发挥功能的过程中,中国的入境旅游业都受到国家政策和国际环境等不同宏观因素的驱动。为了促进中国更好地实施"走出去"的发展战略,更加有效地加强与"一带一路"沿线国家的文化融合,通过入境旅游这个平台进一步提升中国在国际上的影响力,下一步中国应重点以"一带一路"沿线国家作为入境旅游的客源国进行拓展,加强旅游业与高新技术产业的有机融合,以旅游业的发展来促进东中西部地区走上区域协调发展的道路。

According to the four indicators of inbound tourist arrivals, visitor structure, tourism income, and per capita consumption, and taking into account the functional positioning of inbound tourism, we can divide the development of China’s inbound tourism since the reform and opening up into four stages: beginning, development, stability and fluctuation. In these four stages, the inbound tourism industry is mainly responsible for the functions of earning foreign exchange, improving the image of the country, spreading Chinese culture, and promoting cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. At the same time, in the process of functioning at each stage, China’s inbound tourism industry is driven by different macro factors such as national policies and the international environment. In order to promote China’s better implementation of the development strategy of‘going global’, strengthen the cultural integration with the countries along ‘the Belt and Road’, and further enhance China’s international influence through inbound tourism, the next step China should focus on the countries along ‘the Belt and Road’ are expanding as tourist source countries for inbound tourism, promoting the organic integration of the tourism industry with high-tech industries, and promoting the development of the tourism industry to promote the coordinated development of the eastern, central and western regions.