非洲国家认同教育:意义、挑战与应对

National identity education in Africa:significance,challenges and countermeasures

现代化进程中,非洲国家要释放发展潜力和促进民族国家复兴,亟待塑造国民对国家积极的认同感。鉴于此,许多非洲国家力图通过认同教育,增强国民的国家意识和厚植国民的爱国情怀,从而为推动社会经济的快速发展注入强劲动力。国家认同教育在非洲具有特殊的意义,有助于传播非洲复兴思想、提振民族自信、发现自身价值及培植非洲人的自豪感。当前,非洲国家认同教育面临诸多挑战,如族群认同抗争、全球化侵袭、西方教育模式嵌入等都在不断销蚀国家意识。从非洲各国的应对举措看,摒弃部族意识、加强本土化战略、改革教育体制等不失为应对挑战的有效方略。

In the process of modernization,it is imperative for African countries to unleash their development potential and promote national rejuvenation by shaping their citizens’positive sense of national identity.In view of this,many African countries try to enhance national consciousness and cultivate national patriotism through identity education so as to promote sound and rapid economic and social development.National identity education is not only the manifestation of national educational sovereignty,but also the response to globalization for developing countries.National identity education in Africa has its own special significance—helping to spread the idea of African Renaissance,boost national confidence,find its own value and cultivate the pride of Africans.At present,African countries face many challenges in identity education,such as ethnic identity protest,invasion of globalization and imbedding Western educational model with continuous elimination of national awareness.Judging from the countermeasures of African countries,effective strategies to resolve the challenges include abandoning the tribal awareness,strengthening the strategy of localization and reforming the education system,etc.