2000—2017年龙门山断裂带生态脆弱性演变研究

Evolution of Ecological Vulnerability in Longmenshan Fault Zone from 2000 to 2017

龙门山断裂带位于青藏高原与四川盆地的过渡区域,地形地貌复杂,对其进行生态脆弱性评价可为该区域生态保护提供依据。从地形、地质、土壤与植被、气象水文和社会经济5个方面选取13个指标构建龙门山断裂带评价指标体系,并对2000—2017年间5个阶段的生态脆弱性空间分布格局进行动态分析。研究表明:龙门山断裂带2000—2017年的生态脆弱性指数整体呈波动下降趋势,生态环境趋于好转;生态脆弱性指数受地理梯度影响显著,重度脆弱区主要位于>4000 m的高海拔山地;中度脆弱区主要分布在重度脆弱区周围海拔3400~4000 m的山地,其他的呈点状分布在东部平原市区;西南部及西北部山地更易受降水和植被等自然因素影响,东北部丘陵及东部平原受人为因素影响较大。

The Longmenshan fault zone is located in the transitional zone between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Sichuan Basin,where the topography and geomorphology are complex, and the ecological vulnerability assessment of the Longmenshan fault zone can provide a basis for ecological protection in the region. 13 indicators including topography, geology, soil and vegetation, meteorological hydrology and social economy were selected to construct the evaluation index system, and the dynamic distribution pattern of ecological vulnerability in five stages from 2000 to 2017 was analyzed. The research showed that the ecological vulnerability indices of the Longmenshan fault zone from 2000 to 2017 were generally fluctuating and decreasing, and the ecological environment tended to improve;the ecological vulnerability indices were significantly affected by geographical gradients, and the severely vulnerable areas were mainly located in high-altitude mountains where the elevation was more than 4 000 m;the moderately vulnerable areas were distributed around the severely vulnerable areas, where the altitude was 3 400~4 000 m, and the others were dotted in the urban area of the eastern plain;the mountains in the southwest and northwest were more susceptible to natural factors such as precipitation and vegetation, but the northeastern hills and eastern plains were greatly affected by human factors.