土司时期乌江流域的人地关系

Man-and-land Relationship in the Wujiang River Valley in the Age of Chieftain

元明清土司时期,随着移民的增加和先进农业、手工业技术的传入,乌江流域社会经济快速发展,自然环境承受的压力急剧增加,局部地区的生态环境日益脆弱。同期社会矛盾复杂尖锐,阶级对立突出,经济形式落后,社会生产力水平极低,交通闭塞,发展速度慢,经济规模较小,这客观上有利于保护和传承乌江流域各族传统生产生活方式、宗教信仰、风俗习惯及其生态观念和生态知识,因此,乌江流域自然环境整体上呈现出良好的自组织发展态势,自然生态环境保持良性演化趋势。

During the period of Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties,with the increase of immigration and the introduction of advanced agriculture and handicraft technology,the social and economic development of Wuji ang River Valley,the pressure on the natural environment increased sharply,and the ecological environment in some areas became increasingly fragile.At the same time,the complex and sharp social contradiction,prominent class antagonism,backward economic form,extremely low social productivity,blocked transporta tion,slow development speed,and small economic scale all objectively helped to protect and inherit the tradi tional production and life style,religious beliefs,customs,ecological concepts and ecological knowledge of all ethnic groups in the Wujiang River Valley.Therefore,the natural environment of Wujiang River valley shows a good situation of self-organization development,and the natural ecological environment maintains a benign evolution trend.