银行业结构与中小企业融资--来自微观和宏观层面的经验证据

Banking Structure and SME Financing--Evidence from Micro and Macro Database

文章分别使用微观和宏观层面的数据证明,小银行占比与中小企业获得融资的难度之间呈U型相关。进一步的研究发现,地区市场化程度、大银行网点密集度和中小企业活跃度的提高会使U型曲线更为平坦,代表着银行业结构对中小企业融资的影响力变小。可见,要缓解中小企业的融资困境,既要认识到银行业结构对其存在的影响,也不应过度依赖之。政府应进一步推动市场化改革,改善中小企业的营商环境,促进其自身发展。这样才能缩小不同规模企业间的信息成本差异,从根本上改善中小企业的融资环境。

This paper uses micro and macro level data to prove that U-shaped relationship exists between SME financing and banking structure,that is,as the proportion of small banks increases,the financing difficulty of SMEs declines at the beginning,then rises.Further studies find that the regional marketization,the activity of small and medium-sized enterprises,and the increase in the density of large bank outlets will lead to a flatter U-shaped curve,representing a smaller influence of the banking structure on SME financing.It can be seen that the banking structure is not necessarily one of the most important factors to alleviate the SME financing difficulty.The government should further promote market-oriented reforms,improve the business environment for SMEs,and promote their own development.In this way,the information cost difference between enterprises of different scales can be narrowed,and the financing environment of SMEs can be fundamentally improved.