自然杀伤细胞治疗急性髓系白血病的研究进展

Research progress on natural killer cells in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia

自然杀伤细胞(natural killer cell,NK)为一种存在于天然免疫系统中的淋巴细胞,具有杀伤肿瘤细胞和抗病毒感染的能力,在天然免疫和过继免疫治疗中发挥重要作用。随着NK细胞的特征和功能越来越被熟知,其已被广泛应用于临床抗肿瘤治疗,特别是血液系统恶性肿瘤如急性髓系白血病(acute myeloid leukemia,AML)、淋巴瘤等治疗。目前,基于NK细胞的免疫治疗主要包括自体NK细胞输注、异体NK细胞输注、嵌合抗原修饰NK(chimeric antigen receptor,CAR)细胞输注以及基于NK细胞的其他免疫治疗等。以NK细胞为基础的免疫治疗旨在增强NK细胞的抗肿瘤能力以及克服肿瘤免疫逃逸。随着研究进展,NK细胞将成为治疗AML的有效方法。

Natural killer(NK)cells are a component of the innate immune system.They have the ability to lyse tumor and viral infected cells,and play an important role in innate immunity and acquired immunity.As the characteristics and functions of NK cells have become more widely recognized,NK cells have been implemented as a clinical anti-tumor treatment,especially in the treatment of hematological malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia(AML)and lymphoma.NK cell-based immunotherapy currently includes autologous NK cell infusion,allogeneic NK cell infusion,and chimeric antigen modified NK(CAR-NK)cell infusion.NK cell-based immunotherapy aims to enhance the anti-tumor ability of NK cells and overcome tumor immune escape.With further research and development,NK cell therapy will become a powerful weapon for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.